3D Point Cloud: Tools, Features and Applications

 


A point cloud is a collection of points used to create a computer representation of a physical location or object in three dimensions. It comprises countless numbers of x, y, and z-coordinated measurement points. A 3D point cloud is an extremely precise digital representation of an item. The 3D point cloud is used to create 3D meshes and other models for 3D modeling. The 3D point cloud is widely used in many engineering and medical disciplines, including medical imaging, 3D printing, manufacturing, architecture, 3D gaming, and virtual reality applications.

Each point may also contain RGB color data or intensity information depending on the sensors employed and the technique utilized to collect the cloud. These numbers show the laser pulse’s return power, which produced the point. Keep in mind that each 3D point cloud always contains points that are situated on the visible objects’ exterior surfaces. These spots are caused by reflections of the scanner’s light rays from the object.

The object representation is more detailed and can capture even tiny details the denser the points are in the point cloud. 3D Point cloud processing is the method used to transform these point cloud data into a 3D representation. The quantity and density of scans needed determine how long it takes to construct a point cloud. When compared to advanced scanners, the typical mobile scanner is substantially faster.

Point Cloud Generation

Any of the two tools listed below can be used to capture a point cloud:

  • Photogrammetry
  • Laser Scanners

3D Point Cloud Laser Scanners

A laser scanner uses a variety of sensors and cutting-edge technology to collect millions of incredibly precise measurements every second. Additionally, an RGB camera and an inertial measurement unit are present to give the point cloud color. For a certain range of applications, various types of laser scanners are manufactured. The maximum level of accuracy is provided by a terrestrial laser scanner. As a result, they are employed in specific tasks like measuring beam deflection, capturing a single object like a car or equipment, or precisely examining the flatness of a floor.

Point clouds can be recorded using mobile laser scanners with an accuracy of up to 4mm. These mobile scanners will be useful for standard building documentation projects, mapping active areas like factories, etc. where great accuracy is not required. Typically, laser scanners offer data with a higher degree of accuracy than photogrammetry.

Using Photogrammetry to create 3D Point Clouds

A 3D point cloud is generally created using photogrammetry. In this method, cameras are used to take pictures of the area or object from every aspect. Then, using specialized software, the photographs are processed to create a 3D reconstruction of the area or object. 3D point cloud is frequently captured by drones.


Continue Reading: https://redsensors.com/3d-point-cloud-tools-features-and-applications/

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